2019

Abstract:

Prostate cancer is the most common non- -cutaneous tumor and the second cause of death due to tumor among men. The high incidence of clinically diagnosed prostate cancer in the last twenty years reflects the result of an effective screening using prostate-specific antigen (PSA) tests. Electrochemiluminescence (ECLIA) still remains the gold standard method for determining serum PSA. However, faster and more straightforward methods are available on the market, which are usually based on the qualitative immunochromatographic method that informs whether serum PSA levels are above 4 ng / mL, whose concentrations are present in 70 to 80% of the patients with malignant prostate tumors. The aim of this work is to demonstrate the accuracy of the qualitative immunochromatographic method in comparison with the results from the quantitative ELISA tests. 212 men aged between 39 and 101 were used in this study, where three blood aliquots were withdrawn, one for the ECLIA test and the other two for the immunochromatographic tests with kits from two different manufacturers. 3.3% of the individuals had PSA content within the range of 4 to 7 ng / mL (values with prediction of malignancy of 30%). In this range, 42.9% of the immunochromatographic tests of brand A and 71.4% of brand B showed positive results. In the range above 7 ng / mL (2.8% of the samples), 100% of both tests were positive. Immunochromatographic tests had an average sensitivity of 77.5% at those PSA contents near their detection limits and 100% in samples with PSA contents at an upper range, where 95% of prostate tumors can be detected in association with other tests. Therefore, the immunochromatographic tests seem to be satisfactory when used in screening patients with prostatic neoplasia, especially if we take into account the simplicity and the low cost of this method.

Keywords: PSA. ECLIA. Prostatic neoplasia. Accuracy. Immunochromatography

Authors:
Naiche Abdon Miranda;
Jonathan Jenzer;
Irami de Araújo-Filho;
Fausto Pierdoná Guzen;
Eduardo Pereira de Azevedo

Abstract:

Objectives: to assess whether women who are using hormonal contraceptives are at similar risk to menopause for oral problems related to falling levels of sexual hormones. Methods: serum estradiol and progesterone were measured to compare levels among women of childbearing age who use oral contraceptives or intrauterine devices with menopausal or hysterectomized women. The Mann-Whitney test was used to compare the plasma concentration of progesterone and estradiol between the groups and statistical significance was set at p<0.05. Results: fifty-two (52) women divided into two groups, 27 women aged 16 to 47 years, which used oral contraceptive methods or hormonal intrauterine device and 25 menopausal or hysterectomized women aged 45 to 76 years. Progesterone serum concentration (0.36 ± 0.13 ng / mL vs. 0.21 ± 0.03 ng / mL, p = 0.001) was significantly higher in the contraceptive group. The concentration of estradiol (19.8 ± 12.5 ng / mL vs. 15.2 ± 4.6 ng / mL, p = 0.263) was similar between the groups. Conclusions: women of childbearing age using hormonal contraceptives had similar estradiol levels to those of menopausal women. Low levels of this hormone may predispose to oral pathologies, so women should receive special attention at the dental care level.

Keywords: Progesterone. Estradiol. Menopause. Female contraceptives. Hormone replacement therapy

Authors:
Adriana Della Giustina Perin;
Amália Cinthia Meneses Rêgo;
Fausto Pierdoná Guzen;
Irami Araújo-Filho;
Ricardo Ney Cobucci

Abstract:

Introduction: É notório um expressivo interesse acerca da importância da condição conhecida como climatério masculino ou Andropausa. Nos homens este processo não é universal, ocorrendo em uma parcela da população masculina com manifestações clínicas mais gradativas do que as que ocorrem nas mulheres em processo de menopausa. Objective: O presente estudo teve como intuito avaliar os percentuais em níveis de testosterona antes e após o uso de testotosterona gel por via transdérmica em homens adultos no Município de Belo Horizonte – MG. Methods: Os sujeitos da pesquisa foram homens, pacientes da Clínica Penchel admitidos em 2017. Como critérios de inclusão, os homens precisariam ter idade entre 19 e 55 anos e testosterona total mensurada em valores inferiores a 320ng/dl, o que caracterizara insuficiência do hormônio. Transcorridos 60 dias do uso do hormônio, os homens passaram por reavaliação bioquímica para análise dos valores de testosterona. Results: A partir da coleta dos dados, observou-se que 100% dos pacientes tiveram seus níveis de testosterona aumentados. O valor médio dos níveis sanguíneos de testosterona antes do uso do gel transdérmico foi de: 278,54 ng/dl, enquanto o valor médio calculado após o uso foi de 567,59 ng/dl (p=0,0000000445). Conclusion: Care for testosterone-deficient patients should focus on accurate assessment of total testosterone levels, symptoms and signs, as well as appropriate monitoring during treatment to ensure that therapeutic levels of testosterone are achieved and symptoms are improved.

Keywords: Transdermal hormone replacement. Testosterone. Andropause

Authors:
Lucas Mendes Penchel;
Amália Cinthia Meneses do Rêgo;
Irami Araújo-Filho;
Fausto Pierdoná Guzen and Dinalva Brito de Queiroz